Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter - translation to γερμανικά
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Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter - translation to γερμανικά

COMPUTER HARDWARE DEVICE
UART; Serial uart; UART overrun; Uart; Universal asynchronous receiver transmitter; Serial Communication Interface; 16450; Serial Communication Controller; Universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter; 16C450; 16450 UART; 16450 (UART); NS16450; PC16450C; Serial communication interface; Motorola 6850
  • Example of a UART frame. In this diagram, one [[byte]] is sent, consisting of a start bit, followed by eight data bits (D0-7), and two stop bit, for a 11-bit UART frame. The number of data and formatting bits, the presence or absence of a parity bit, the form of parity (even or odd) and the transmission speed must be pre-agreed by the communicating parties. The "stop bit" is actually a "stop period"; the stop period of the transmitter may be arbitrarily long. It cannot be shorter than a specified amount, usually 1 to 2 bit times. The receiver requires a shorter stop period than the transmitter. At the end of each data frame, the receiver stops briefly to wait for the next start bit. It is this difference which keeps the transmitter and receiver synchronized.
BCLK = Base Clock
  • Block diagram for a UART

Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter         
universeller asynchronischer Sender und Empfänger, Schaltkreis der Daten in einen seriellen Datenfluß umwandelt und in seriellen Schnittstellen benutzt wird
radio transmitter         
  • Animation of a [[half-wave dipole]] antenna transmitting [[radio waves]], showing the [[electric field]] lines.  The antenna in the center is two vertical metal rods, with an alternating current applied at its center from a radio transmitter ''(not shown)''.  The voltage charges the two sides of the antenna alternately positive ''<span style="color:red;">(+)</span>'' and negative  ''<span style="color:blue;">(−)</span>''.  Loops of electric field ''(black lines)'' leave the antenna and travel away at the [[speed of light]]; these are the radio waves.  This animation shows the action slowed enormously
  • Hertz discovering radio waves in 1887 with his first primitive radio transmitter (background).
  • A radio transmitter is usually part of a [[radio communication]] system which uses [[electromagnetic wave]]s ([[radio wave]]s) to transport information (in this case sound) over a distance.
RADIO SIGNAL EMITTING MACHINE
Radio transmitter; XMTR; Transmitters; Radio transmitters; Transmitting; Shortwave transmitter; Short-wave transmitter; Short wave transmitter; Medium wave transmitter; Longwave transmitter; Long-wave transmitter; Long wave transmitter; Transmitter (radio); Transmitter building; Radiotransmitter; Signal radiator; History of radio transmitters; Transmission site; Radio frequency transmitter; Radio freq transmitter
Radiosender, Sendegerät
portable radio         
  • Symbol for an antenna
  • Circuit of single tube Armstrong regenerative receiver
  • Coherer from 1904 as developed by Marconi.
  •  isbn   = 978-1118647844
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  • De Forest's first commercial Audion receiver, the RJ6 which came out in 1914. The Audion tube was always mounted upside down, with its delicate filament loop hanging down, so it did not sag and touch the other electrodes in the tube.
  • Block diagram of a dual-conversion superheterodyne receiver
  • Electrolytic detector
  • [[Guglielmo Marconi]], who built the first radio receivers, with his early spark transmitter ''(right)'' and coherer receiver ''(left)'' from the 1890s. The receiver records the Morse code on paper tape
  • chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PzzLAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA89}}</ref>
  • Fessenden's heterodyne radio receiver circuit
  • A modern [[communications receiver]], used in [[two-way radio]] communication stations to talk with remote locations by [[shortwave radio]].
  • A galena cat's whisker detector from a 1920s [[crystal radio]]
  • A bedside [[clock radio]] that combines a radio receiver with an [[alarm clock]]
  • Unlike today, when almost all radios use a variation of the superheterodyne design, during the 1920s vacuum tube radios used a variety of competing circuits.
  • Example of transatlantic radiotelegraph message recorded on paper tape by a [[siphon recorder]] at RCA's New York receiving center in 1920. The translation of the Morse code is given below the tape.
  • Block diagram of simple single tube reflex receiver
  • Block diagram of regenerative receiver
  • Marconi's inductively coupled coherer receiver from his controversial April 1900 "four circuit" patent no. 7,777.
  • Block diagram of a superheterodyne receiver. The dotted line indicates that the RF filter and local oscillator must be tuned in tandem.
  • selectivity]] to reject stations on adjacent frequencies, multiple cascaded bandpass filter stages had to be used. The dotted line indicates that the bandpass filters must be tuned together.
  • During the "[[Golden Age of Radio]]" (1920 to 1950), families gathered to listen to the home radio in the evening, such as this Zenith console model 12-S-568 from 1938, a 12-tube superheterodyne with pushbutton tuning and 12-inch cone speaker.
  • A Zenith transistor based portable radio receiver
RADIO DEVICE FOR RECEIVING RADIO WAVES AND CONVERTING THEM TO A USEFUL SIGNAL
Audio receiver; Receiver (home stereo); Receiver (electronics); Stereo reciever; Radio cassette players; Portable radio; Portable radio-CD; Radio/CD player; Am fm radio; Stereo receiver; 📻; Radio receivers; History of radio receivers; Receiver (radio); Radio (receiver); AM/FM; AM/FM radio; Portable radios
Kofferradio

Ορισμός

16450
<hardware> A UART with a one-byte FIFO buffer. The 16450 is a higher speed, fixed version of the 8250. It was superseded by the 16550. The 16450 was used for the IBM PC AT and PS/2 but will not work in a IBM PC XT. (2004-03-21)

Βικιπαίδεια

Universal asynchronous receiver-transmitter

A universal asynchronous receiver-transmitter (UART ) is a computer hardware device for asynchronous serial communication in which the data format and transmission speeds are configurable. It sends data bits one by one, from the least significant to the most significant, framed by start and stop bits so that precise timing is handled by the communication channel. The electric signaling levels are handled by a driver circuit external to the UART. Two common signal levels are RS-232, and RS-485. Early teletypewriters used current loops.

It was one of the earliest computer communication devices, used to attach teletypewriters for an operator console. It was also an early hardware system for the Internet.

A UART is usually an individual (or part of an) integrated circuit (IC) used for serial communications over a computer or peripheral device serial port. One or more UART peripherals are commonly integrated in microcontroller chips. Specialised UARTs are used for automobiles, smart cards and SIMs.

A related device, the universal synchronous and asynchronous receiver-transmitter (USART) also supports synchronous operation.